In this issue, the opinion and experience of leading experts on the subject made it possible to outline a precise, clear and rigorous picture on the correct methods of diagnosis and treatment of the septate uterus and its variants. In these pages you will find everything you need to know to diagnose this enigmatic pathology and to manage an apparently simple surgical technique, with clear objectives, but which hides pitfalls, that can at the same time be very frustrating, in terms of anatomical outcomes.